Who discovered alexander disease. Hospitals were full of people with blood poisoning contracted from a cut or a scratch, and doctors could do little for them but wait and hope. Alexander disease is a primary disorder of astrocytes caused by gain of function mutations in the gene for GFAP, which lead to protein aggregation and a reactive astrocyte response, with devastating effects on the central nervous system. Ambrose displayed their relics in what is today the Basilica of St. India suffered an estimated Feb 25, 2026 · Alexandre Yersin was a Swiss-born French bacteriologist and one of the discoverers of the bubonic plague bacillus, Pasteurella pestis, now called Yersinia pestis. In. He was recognized for that achievement in 1945, when he received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, along with Howard Walter Florey and Ernst Boris Chain. Though Fleming discovered penicillin, it was Florey and Chain who made it a usable medicine. Over the Alexander Fleming’s Discovery of Penicillin Penicillin heralded the dawn of the antibiotic age. Every day, Rutgers Today brings you a stream of stories and videos from across the university. In the next 15 years, five similar patients were reported, and in 1964 Friede recognized these cases reflected a single disease process and coined the eponym "Alexander's disease" to describe the disorder. William Stewart Alexander, who first described the disease in 1949. Before its introduction there was no effective treatment for infections such as pneumonia, gonorrhea or rheumatic fever. The disease is a fatal, white matter disorder (leukodystrophy) of childhood. Stewart Alexander, who treated a 15 month-old infant presenting with megalencephaly, hydrocephaly, seizures, and developmental delays. Alexander the Great, son of the Epirote princess Olympias, could therefore also claim this descent, and in many ways strove to be like his great ancestor. The disease was first documented in 1949 by W. The simple discovery and use of the antibiotic agent has saved millions of lives, and earned Fleming – together with Howard Florey and Ernst Chain, who devised methods for the large-scale isolation and production of penicillin – the 1945 Feb 2, 2026 · Alexander Fleming, Scottish bacteriologist best known for his discovery of penicillin in 1928, which started the antibiotic revolution. Ambrose, and they produced many miracles, including healing a blind man of his blindness (who went on to serve in the basilica for the rest of his life in gratitude for his healing). During the subsequent 15 years, additional individuals with similar pathology were reported, and in 1964 Friede suggested that these all represented a single disease, and recommended they be named after Alexander. If you or a loved one is affected by this condition, visit NORD to find resources Jun 1, 2002 · Abstract This review presents historical and clinical information on the rare human brain disorder known as Alexander disease (ALX), and reports on the recent discovery of the gene that appears to be causative. [3] This was the first antibiotic substance discovered. Mar 31, 2023 · In the next 15 years, five similar patients were reported, and in 1964 Friede recognized these cases reflected a single disease process and coined the eponym “Alexander’s disease” to describe the disorder. Mar 31, 2023 · One neurological eponym that has remained in common use is “Alexander disease,” a term describing a disorder of astrocytes first reported by William Stewart (known as Stewart) Alexander (1919–2013) in 1949. Adult onset cases als … Mar 1, 2014 · The causative bacterium of plague was described and cultured by Alexandre Yersin in Hong Kong in 1894, after which transmission of bacteria from rodents by flea bites was discovered by Jean-Paul Simond in 1898. Feb 1, 2017 · Learn about Alexander Disease, including symptoms, causes, and treatments. Mar 2, 2026 · Protasius and Gervasius (martyrs) were discovered. Aug 18, 2025 · What Is Alexander Disease? Alexander disease is an extremely rare neurological disorder and a type of leukodystrophy. Penicillin saved many lives during World War II by treating infections and diseases like pneumonia and tuberculosis. This means it affects your brain’s white matter. Yersin studied medicine at the universities of Marburg and Paris and bacteriology with Émile Roux in Paris and Robert Koch in Berlin. Antibiotics are compounds produced Apr 30, 2025 · Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin from a moldy Petri dish in his lab in 1928. Alexander Disease is a rare neurologic condition that affects the nervous system. Effective treatment with antiserum was initiated in 1896, but this therapy was supplanted by sulphonamides in the 1930s and by streptomycin starting in 1947. Sir Alexander Fleming (6 August 1881 – 11 March 1955) [2] was a Scottish physician and microbiologist. This review presents historical and clinical information on the rare human brain disorder known as Alexander disease (ALX), and reports on the recent discovery of the gene that appears to be causative. Alexander Fleming was a Scottish physician-scientist who was recognised for discovering penicillin. White matter is a network of nerve fibers in your brain that helps nerve cells communicate. He is said to have visited the tomb of Achilles at Achilleion while passing Troy. He shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Howard Florey and Ernst Chain "for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases ". Once discovered, St. It is named after the late Dr.